Each and every human body needs food, as it acts as a source of energy to do all power activities. . Food also provides the chemical raw materials that promote the growth and repair of body tissues. Food is composed of wide distribution of nutrients, which have very specific metabolic effects on the human being. Essential nutrients are nutrients that cannot be synthesized by the human body and therefore must be derived from food sources. Essential nutrients include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and some carbohydrates as a source of energy.
Non-essential nutrients are nutrients, which the body has the ability to synthesis from other compounds, as well as, from food sources. There are two types of nutrients required, for a human being or any other living, through out its life. They are:
• Micro nutrients
• Macro nutrients
Micro nutrients: These are required in small portions, through out our life such as Vitamins, Minerals, Enzymes and Fibre. Although, micronutrients are needed only in small amounts, their deficiency leads to critical health problems. In fact, most of the diseases and conditions that people face today are due to deficiency of micronutrients. Here is a list of micro nutrients.
• Vitamins – Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K and Carotenoids.
• Minerals – Boron, Calcium, Chloride, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Fluoride, Iodine, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Phosphorous, Potassium, Selenium, Sodium and Zinc.
• Organic Acids – Acetic acid, Citric acid, Lactic acid, Malic acid, Choline and Taurine.
Macro Nutrients: These are required in large portions, through out our life such as Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats.
• Proteins – Proteins are the building blocks of a human body It helps in the growth of skin, nail, hair and internal organs. Next to water, protein is the most plentiful substance in the body. Hence It’s required for pregnant woman to take more proteins, which helps for the growth of the baby. Hence 150 grams of protein to be taken by a pregnant woman
• Carbohydrates – Carbohydrates are made up of sugar or starches. They are the main energy providers for our body. Excess carbohydrates are converted into fat and stored in our body. All foods have carbohydrates in some measure.
• Fats – Fats are substances that your body stores for future use. Although, most people think that fats are to be avoided altogether, there is a distinction to be made here. There are good fats and bad fats. Bad fats are to be avoided and good fats are to be eaten. Good fats are very much necessary for the proper functioning of the body
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